To determine the thickness of curtain wall insulating glass in wind pressure resistance design, it is necessary to comprehensively consider many factors and build a scientific and reasonable design logic. First of all, it is necessary to clarify the environmental conditions of the building. The wind and climate in different regions are significantly different. Coastal areas are often affected by strong typhoons, and inland areas may encounter sudden strong winds, which will have a direct impact on the wind pressure value of the glass. Designers need to determine the basic wind pressure value of the area based on the meteorological data of the building's location, and consider topographic factors, such as whether there are tall buildings around and whether it is in an open area. These will change the actual wind pressure on the curtain wall, and then affect the initial judgment of the thickness of the curtain wall insulating glass.
The height and size of the building are also key factors in determining the thickness of the glass. As the height of the building increases, the wind speed at high altitude will increase accordingly, and the force of wind pressure on the curtain wall will also increase significantly. The thickness requirements of curtain wall insulating glass for low-rise buildings and high-rise buildings are significantly different. High-rise buildings require thicker glass to withstand greater wind pressure. In addition, the building's body design will affect the distribution of wind loads. For example, the wind pressure distribution on the surface of curved and special-shaped buildings is uneven, and some parts may be subject to greater local wind pressure. This requires the use of thicker curtain wall insulating glass at these key locations, or the use of special structural designs to disperse wind pressure to ensure the stability of the entire curtain wall system.
The structural form of curtain wall insulating glass has an important influence on its wind pressure resistance. Curtain wall insulating glass consists of two or more pieces of glass, with an air layer or other gas layer in the middle. The thickness of the original glass, the width of the air layer, and the performance of the sealant will all work together to affect the overall strength. In the wind pressure resistance design, the thickness of the original glass needs to be considered. For example, the combination of two pieces of glass with the same thickness and two pieces of glass with different thicknesses will have different wind pressure resistance capabilities. At the same time, the width of the air layer is not the larger the better. An overly wide air layer may cause the glass to deform more under wind pressure. It is necessary to design the width reasonably so that the curtain wall insulating glass can be evenly stressed under wind pressure to avoid damage due to unreasonable structure.
The material properties and performance indicators of glass are factors that cannot be ignored. Different types of glass, such as ordinary float glass, tempered glass, laminated glass, etc., have obvious differences in strength and wind pressure resistance. The strength of tempered glass is much higher than that of ordinary glass. Under the same wind pressure conditions, the required thickness can be thinner. Therefore, in the design of curtain walls with high wind pressure resistance requirements, tempered glass is often preferred as the original sheet. In addition, it is also necessary to consider the physical parameters of the glass, such as the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio. These parameters will affect the deformation calculation of the glass under wind pressure. Only through accurate material performance data can the thickness of the glass be determined more accurately to ensure the safety and reliability of the design.
The calculation method and design specifications of wind load are important bases for determining the thickness of glass. Designers need to use reasonable wind load calculation models, such as static calculation method and dynamic calculation method, in accordance with relevant national and local building structure design specifications, to perform detailed calculations of the wind pressure acting on the curtain wall. During the calculation process, the standard value, design value and load combination of wind load should be considered. At the same time, combined with the supporting structure form of the curtain wall, such as frame type and unit type, the stress state of the glass under different supporting conditions should be analyzed. Through rigorous calculations, the maximum stress and deformation values of the glass under wind pressure are obtained, and then the minimum thickness that meets the wind pressure requirements is inferred based on the strength design value of the glass.
Construction technology and installation quality will also indirectly affect the actual effect of the thickness of curtain wall insulating glass. Even if a reasonable glass thickness is determined during design, if there are errors during installation, such as uneven gaps between the glass and the frame, incomplete filling of sealant, etc., the glass will be unevenly stressed and its wind pressure resistance will be reduced. Therefore, when determining the thickness of the glass, it is also necessary to consider the feasibility of the construction technology and the controllability of the installation quality, select the thickness specification suitable for the construction conditions, and strictly follow the installation specifications during the construction process to ensure that the glass is installed firmly and the seal is reliable, so that the designed wind pressure resistance can be fully realized.
Economic rationality is also a factor that needs to be weighed when determining the thickness of curtain wall insulating glass. Although increasing the thickness of the glass can improve the wind pressure resistance, it will lead to increased costs, including material costs, transportation costs, and installation costs. Designers need to find the best balance between thickness and cost by optimizing the design, such as selecting the appropriate glass type and adjusting the structural form, on the premise of meeting the wind pressure resistance design requirements, so as to ensure the safety and performance requirements of the curtain wall while avoiding unnecessary cost waste, thus achieving the unity of economy and practicality of engineering design.
